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Citation Information
How to Cite
Manser, Martin H. "ad astra per ardua." Writer's Reference Center. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 18 Apr. 2025. <http://fofweb.infobase.com/wrc/Detail.aspx?iPin=FWP000036>.
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ad astra per ardua

Pronunciation pronunciation key
ad astră per ahrdyooă

Function
adverb phrase

Definition 
through difficulty to the stars (advising that those who seek to attain an ambitious target must expect difficulties along the way): "Grandfather looked with resigned dismay upon the wreckage of his prototype glider: 'Ad astra per ardua,' he said to himself." See also per ardua ad astra.

Etymology etymology key
to the stars through difficulty

Word or Phrase Origin
Latin

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